The dermatologic disorder are broadly classified into Dermatitis and Pigmentation disorders.
Dermatitis also known as eczema, is inflammation of the skin. It is characterized by itchy, erythmatous, vesicular, weeping, and crusting patches. In general, eczema and dermatitis is synonyms, while some text books refer; dermatitis as an acute condition and eczema as a chronic condition. The cause of dermatitis is unknown, one possiblility is a dysfunctional interplay between the immune system and skin.
Eczema include dryness and recurring skin rashes that are characterized by one or more of these symptoms: redness, skin swelling, itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding.
Treatment is typically with moisturizers and steroid cream. The steroid cream should generally be of mid to high strength and used for less than two weeks at a time. If these are not effective, creams based on calcineurin inhibitors may be used.
Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is an alergic disease believed to have a hereditary component, and often runs in families who members also have asthma. It is more common in infant. Itchy rashes is particularly noticeable on head and scalp, neck, inside of elbows, behind knees, and buttocks.
Contact Dermatitis
A condition in which skin becomes red, sore, or inflamed after direct contact with a substance.
Contact dermatitis is two types:
Irritant:(includes cement, hair dyes, Long-term exposure of wet diapers, pesticides or weed killers, rubber gloves, shampoos)
Allergic:(includes adhesives, fabric and clothing, fragrances in perfumes, soap, cosmetics and moistirizers, Nickel or other metals(found in jewellery, watch straps, metal zips), Dust mites and mold or poison ivy and other plants)
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is also known as seborrhoeic eczema or simply as seborrhoea, is a chronic, relapsing and usually mild dermatitis. In infants seborrheic dermatitis is called cradle cap.
"Dandruff is a type of seborrheic dermatitis in which inflammation is not present." Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin disorder affecting the scalp, face and torso. Typically seborrheic dermatitis presents with scaly, fleky, itchy, and red skin. It particularly affects sebaceous-gland rich area of skin. In adolescents and adults, seborrheic dermatitis usually presents as scalp scalling.
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